近年来水产品主要药物风险因素分析 及监管建议
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山东省淡水渔业研究院

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Analysis of risk factors of main drugs in aquatic products in recent years and suggestions for regulation
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    摘要:

    目的 分析我国近年来水产品药物残留风险。方法 通过收集整理近年来国家市场监督管理总局官网,各省市场监督管理局和食安通发布的水产品监督抽检数据,结合农业农村部发布的水产品例行监测和有关水产品质量安全风险监测机构开展水产品监测数据进行分析。结果 发现恩诺沙星、硝基呋喃类药物、孔雀石绿、氧氟沙星、氯霉素、地西泮和磺胺类药物是水产品主要的药物风险因素,并对这些主要药物风险因素进行全方位的分析。结论 提出切实有效的监管建议,包括:科学合理优化抽检方案,持续加强兽药监控力度;加强法规宣贯和政策落实,强化水产养殖单位的主体责任;发挥水产技术推广部门的职能,做好渔业先进技术推广;加强兽药标准体系建设,增强检测能力;加强科技创新与基础研究,推动渔业高质量绿色发展;增强各部门之间的合作共享,形成有效监管合力。

    Abstract:

    Objective to analyze the risk of drug residues in aquatic products of our country in recent years. Methods by collecting and collating the data of aquatic products supervision and inspection published in recent years by the State Administration of Market Supervision and administration of the People's official website of China, the provincial market supervision and administration of the People's Republic of China and the food and safety administration of China (FST) , the monitoring data were analyzed according to the routine monitoring of aquatic products issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and rural areas and the risk monitoring organization of aquatic products quality and safety.Results enrofloxacin, furan, malachite green, Ofloxacin, chloramphenicol, diazepam and sulfonamide were found to be the major drug risk factors for aquatic products, and the main drug risk factors for a comprehensive analysis. Conclusion to put forward practical and effective supervision suggestions, including: Scientific and reasonable optimization of sampling and inspection scheme, continuous strengthening of veterinary drug monitoring, strengthening the implementation of laws and regulations and policies, strengthening the main responsibility of aquaculture units; We should give full play to the functions of fisheries technology extension departments, do well in the promotion of advanced fishery technology, strengthen the establishment of standards system for veterinary drugs, strengthen the detection ability, strengthen scientific and technological innovation and basic research, and promote the high-quality and green development of fisheries Strengthen the cooperation and sharing among various departments to form effective supervision synergy.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-09
  • 最后修改日期:2024-10-24
  • 录用日期:2024-10-24
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