In recent years, with the increasing scale of aquaculture, the problem of excessive reliance on drugs, as well as the misuse of chemicals and antibiotics during the aquaculture process has become increasingly serious, leading to the increasingly prominent issues of aquatic product quality and food safety, posing a serious threat to the sustainable and healthy development of the aquaculture industry. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and enhance safety control technologies throughout the aquaculture process to eliminate the source of edible safety issues related to aquatic products. This study provides a comprehensive overview and analysis of the advancements made in drug residue detection technology for aquatic products. [Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards, 2023, 13(5):46-52]