Bacterial biofilm is one of the important mechanisms of the formation of bacterial resistance. Biofilm is the main reason that many infectious diseases are difficult to control, and it is also a major source of pollution in the process of food processing. In the biofilm formation process, the quorum sensing system plays an important role. Based on the existing theory and research, the characteristics of bacterial biofilm and the role of population sensing system in bacterial biofilm formation were reviewed in order to provide a new study idea for the inhibition of biofilm formation by population induction inhibitors.