There will be lead to the results of false application due to vague cognition and understanding between risk assessment and risk management for agro-products quality & safety.Thus, this article elaborated and analyzed the ambiguous predicament caused by various elements in different steps of above two aspects in detail, in which included interpretation of the risk perception and the starting condition for risk assessment in the stages of hazard identification and risk management implementation, and the risk output forms and uncertainty weighting in the stages of the final risk characteristic and strategic decision for decreasing risk. In addition, the article has also put forward the relevant measures and suggestions in order to promote the risk assessment and risk management.