Diethylstilbestrol and dienestrol are structurally similar synthetic estrogens, which are widely used in the treatment of gynecological diseases and once used in livestock industry as growth promoters. But long-term use of them can cause obvious toxic hazard to human. This study elaborated the influence of diethylstilbestrol and dienestrol on aquatic organisms and mammals. Pretreatment methods and instrumental analysis methods in the determination of diethylstilbestrol and dienestrol were also summarized. The research interests of the two analytes were also prospected in our work. It would be a good reference for safer and simpler, as well as more efficient and eco-friendly analytical methods of diethylstilbestrol and dienestrol．［Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards, 2014, 4(5):40-48］